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Encephalartos caffer : ウィキペディア英語版 | Encephalartos caffer
Eastern Cape dwarf cycad (''Encephalartos caffer'') is a rare cycad from the genus ''Encephalartos''. It typically has an underground stem, with a small portion on top, the stem is only very rarely branched and may be as much as 40 cm long.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cycad Society of South Africa )〕 Emerging from the top are long, pinnate, dark green leaves up to long. These often have a distinctive ruffled, feathery appearance, caused by the numerous, clustered leaflets being irregularly twisted from the central stalk and pointing out in different directions.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jurassic Garden )〕 New leaves are brown and woolly at first but most of the hair is lost as they mature, although they never become completely smooth or glossy. Both male and female plants bear single reproductive cones made up of a series of spiraled scales, which become greenish-yellow when mature. In the female, two largish, glossy, scarlet-coloured seeds are formed on top of each cone scale.〔 ==Range and habitat== Approximately 10,000 mature individuals are confined to the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=IUCN Red List )〕 Found in the coastal belt and up to 100 km inland, usually growing in grassveld but also occurring in adjacent bush, possibly due to shifting boundaries caused by veld fires.〔〔Dr John Donaldson, Chief Director of Conservation Science, Head of Kirstenbosch Research Centre, South African National Biodiversity Institute〕
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